2023 Water Quality Summaries | City of Brantford

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Water Treatment Plant
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	37.41
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	31.00
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	7.65
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.031
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.027
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.033
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.038
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.031
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.044
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.041
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.039
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.040
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	9.21
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.54
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.01

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Distribution System
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.46
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.45
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.64
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.79
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	57.24
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.86
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	85.37
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.62
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	96.28
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.62
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	93.75
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.70

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.05	0.32	0.13
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.19	0.51	0.33
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	12	27	19
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0.0	3	1
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.017	0.045	0.032
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.097	0.188	0.149
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.040	0.064	0.056
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.55	0.76	0.65
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.30	2.80	2.57
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	2.90	2.67

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Water Treatment Plant
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	37.56
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	30.72
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	8.93
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.030
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.032
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.035
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.038
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.029
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.035
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.040
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.041
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	8.59
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.51
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	96.92

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Distribution System
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.47
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.38
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.55
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.90
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	58.85
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.79
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	85.47
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.57
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	96.23
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.88
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	93.81
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.64

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.03	0.28	0.09
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.17	0.43	0.31
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	9	25	17
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0.0	4	1
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.018	0.048	0.031
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.113	0.178	0.146
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.037	0.066	0.054
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.55	0.80	0.67
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	2.80	2.51
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	2.90	2.61

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Water Treatment Plant
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	36.95
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	30.27
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	8.91
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.030
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.033
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.039
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.029
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.040
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.043
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	9.40
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.49
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.06

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Distribution System
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.35
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.29
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.51
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.77
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	58.43
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.81
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	85.78
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.69
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	96.30
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.63
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	93.76
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.65

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.03	0.22	0.09
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.21	0.51	0.34
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	11	27	17
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0.0	2	0.5
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.025	0.084	0.042
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.121	0.190	0.144
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.039	0.062	0.050
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.10	0.79	0.61
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	2.70	2.49
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	2.80	2.59

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Water Treatment Plant
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	36.88
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	30.21
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	13.78
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.043
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.042
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.047
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.047
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.040
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.045
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.044
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.051
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.055
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	13.48
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.53
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.02

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Distribution System
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.35
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.22
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.49
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.78
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	58.50
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.89
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	85.52
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.66
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	96.20
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.68
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	93.30
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.73

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.04	0.18	0.10
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.27	0.58	0.37
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	14	30	23
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0.0	0	0.58
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.016	0.098	0.045
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.146	0.212	0.182
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.023	0.062	0.047
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.08	0.74	0.40
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	2.80	2.55
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	2.90	2.65

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Water Treatment Plant
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	39.58
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	34.91
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	5.99
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.040
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.041
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.039
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.042
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.048
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	15.64
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.56
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.23

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Distribution System
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.22
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.19
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.41
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.37
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	59.16
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.59
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	84.64
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.65
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	96.00
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.70
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	92.40
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.31

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log10 removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.03	0.14	0.09
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.22	0.66	0.40
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	14	27	21
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0	2	1
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.017	0.205	0.119
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.136	0.255	0.168
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.032	0.057	0.044
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.52	0.74	0.68
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	2.90	2.59
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	3.00	2.69

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Water Treatment Plant

Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	43.10
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	38.44
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	6.01
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.047
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.049
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.046
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.052
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.048
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.053
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.054
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.054
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.061
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	19.72
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.60
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.21

Distribution System

Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.11
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.08
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.41
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.33
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	59.50
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.61
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	84.73
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.65
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	95.80
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.87
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	91.78
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.32

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.04	0.17	0.11
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.21	0.50	0.40
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	13	23	19
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0	2	0
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.045	0.208	0.119
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.130	0.157	0.140
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.033	0.046	0.037
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.56	0.83	0.66
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	3.00	2.61
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	3.10	2.71

Water Treatment Plant

Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	40.39
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	36.63
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	15.42
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.043
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.044
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.047
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.047
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.043
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.048
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.048
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.052
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.053
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	27.26
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.61
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.17

Distribution System

Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.12
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	1.93
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.41
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.29
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	59.05
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.41
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	84.37
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.51
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	95.84
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.68
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	91.90
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.15

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.04	0.21	0.12
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.24	0.56	0.42
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	13	35	22
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0	2	0
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.057	0.173	0.130
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.148	0.220	0.173
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.034	0.058	0.044
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.54	0.75	0.63
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	2.80	2.61
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	2.90	2.71

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Water Treatment Plant

Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	38.91
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	34.60
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	5.02
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.040
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.038
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.046
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.043
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.041
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.046
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.043
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.051
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.049
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	23.11
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.62
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	96.99

Distribution System

Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.18
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.02
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.37
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.27
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	58.50
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.62
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	84.63
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.58
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	95.90
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.44
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	91.79
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.72

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.05	0.21	0.11
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.31	0.50	0.40
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	15	30	21.7
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0	2	0.50
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.044	0.182	0.137
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.154	0.229	0.181
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.040	0.066	0.049
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.51	0.83	0.67
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	2.80	2.61
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	2.90	2.71

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Scada Data Monthly Averages

Water Treatment Plant
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	39.06
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	35.14
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	4.06
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.040
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.038
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.045
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.048
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.040
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.048
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.043
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.051
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.052
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	19.94
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.60
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.15

Scada Data Monthly Averages

Distribution System
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.22
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.02
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.46
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.44
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	58.96
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.73
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	84.12
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.69
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	96.07
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.80
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	91.92
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.48

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.03	0.13	0.08
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.29	0.66	0.41
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	12	21	17
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0	1	0
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.091	0.191	0.152
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.127	0.168	0.144
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.035	0.052	0.041
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.44	0.88	0.65
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	2.80	2.59
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	2.90	2.69

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Scada Data Monthly Averages

Water Treatment Plant
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	38.12
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	32.66
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	3.82
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.045
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.043
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.046
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.052
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.044
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.049
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.045
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.052
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.056
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	16.07
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.59
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.13

SCADA Data Monthly Averages

Distribution System
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.10
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.09
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.49
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.42
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	58.46
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.63
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	83.88
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.75
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	96.20
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.55
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	92.68
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.31

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.03	0.14	0.08
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.23	0.56	0.36
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	11	23	15.35
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0	1	0
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.053	0.193	0.123
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.116	0.149	0.129
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.034	0.045	0.038
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.55	0.76	0.66
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.30	2.80	2.58
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.40	2.90	2.68

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Water Treatment Plant
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	37.41
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	31.00
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	2.99
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.032
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.030
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.034
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.037
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.031
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.033
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.038
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.041
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	10.37
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.57
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.12

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Distribution System
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.47
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.36
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.57
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.78
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	58.65
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.89
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	84.34
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.86
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	96.36
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.91
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	93.40
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.70

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.01	0.11	0.07
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.16	0.44	0.32
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	12	32	15.5
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0	2	0.35
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.046	0.136	0.089
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.116	0.165	0.128
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.037	0.057	0.046
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.59	0.82	0.69
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	2.80	2.57
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	2.90	2.67

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Water Treatment Plant
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Grand River	Flow Rate	ML/d	36.57
Brantford POE	Flow Rate	ML/d	30.36
Grand River	Turbidity	NTU	4.24
Filter 1	Turbidity	NTU	0.030
Filter 2	Turbidity	NTU	0.030
Filter 3	Turbidity	NTU	0.034
Filter 4	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Filter 5	Turbidity	NTU	0.030
Filter 6	Turbidity	NTU	0.034
Filter 7	Turbidity	NTU	0.033
Filter 8	Turbidity	NTU	0.036
Brantford POE	Turbidity	NTU	0.037
CCC Effluent	Log Removal	Not applicable	9.40
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	2.55
Brantford POE	Pressure	psi	97.11

SCADA Data - Monthly Averages

Distribution System
Source	Parameter	Units	Monthly Average
Tollgate Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.41
Park Rd. Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.38
Northwest Reservoir	Total Chlorine	mg/L	2.47
Albion St. Booster	Pressure	psi	90.74
Tollgate Reservoir	Pressure	psi	58.42
Park Rd. Reservoir	Pressure	psi	78.84
Northwest Reservoir	Pressure	psi	84.63
Bell Lane	Pressure	psi	50.87
Fifth Ave	Pressure	psi	96.48
Lawren Harris	Pressure	psi	64.74
St. Andrews	Pressure	psi	93.35
Empey St.	Pressure	psi	82.67

Definitions:

SCADA - Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

O.O.S - Out of Service

CCC - Chlorine Contact Chambers

Log Removal – a shorthand term for log₁₀ removal, used in reference to the physical-chemical treatment of water to remove, kill, or inactivate pathogenic organisms.

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.

Treatment Operators Analysis

Source	Parameter	Units	MAC	AO/OG	Minimum	Maximum	Average
Grand River	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.01	0.16	0.07
Brantford POE	Ammonia	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.22	0.43	0.33
Grand River	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	Not applicable	12	26	16.46
Brantford POE	True Colour	PtCo	Not applicable	5	0	2	0.65
Brantford POE	Aluminum	mg/L	Not applicable	0.100	0.036	0.121	0.082
Grand River	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.119	0.189	0.138
Brantford POE	UV254	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.047	0.063	0.055
Brantford POE	Fluoride	mg/L	1.50	Not applicable	0.53	0.80	0.67
Brantford POE	Free chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	0.10	0.10	0.10
Brantford POE	Combined Chlorine	mg/L	3.00	Not applicable	2.40	2.80	2.54
Brantford POE	Total Chlorine	mg/L	Not applicable	Not applicable	2.50	2.90	2.64

Definitions:

MAC - Maximum Acceptable Concentration

AO/OG - Aesthetic Objective/Operational Guideline

Combined Chlorine - The concentration of residual chlorine that is combined with ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, or both in water as chloramine, yet is still available to oxidize organic matter and act as a disinfectant. Combined chlorine can be accurately estimated as the difference between the measured total chlorine and measure or known free chlorine residual.