Trees and Forestry
Trees on City property
Preserving trees is an important part the environmental health of our City. The recently updated City Tree Protection By-law (38-2023) sets standards to help ensure that City trees are able to grow and thrive.
- Did You Know? Older, larger trees sequester more carbon than smaller, younger trees.
- Did You Know? Boulevard trees are planted and maintained by the City.
Prohibited activities
There are several activities which can harm the health of a tree, as well as its ability to grow properly. Under the City Tree Protection By-law (38-2023) , the following actions are prohibited:
- Attaching any object, structure, or animal to a tree on City property (such as signs/posters, hammocks, pet leashes, swings, etc.)
- Disposing of or storing any construction debris around the trunk of a tree on City property
- Applying any fertilizer, pest control, or any substance other than water to a tree on City property
- Pruning or removing any part of a tree on City property;
Tree planting
Forestry Services plant approximately 500 trees per year along streets and in parks. A wide variety of tree species and sizes are chosen to suit each location - depending on soil type, sun/shade, wind, drought, salt tolerance and space available (narrow traffic median vs. expansive turf areas in parks). It's our goal that every home in Brantford has at least one municipal tree to increase the City’s tree canopy coverage.
Tree maintenance
Forestry Services are responsible for all trees on City property and tree maintenance work is organized and undertaken in priority order, with the goal of maintaining safe conditions for residents. Trees along the roadway and in proximity to hydro lines require more oversight than trees in parks and woodlands. Forestry staff includes Forestry Technicians who inspect trees and create work orders for both City arborists/crews as well as contracted forestry crews.
Services for tree safety are outlined below.
| Hydro maintenance |
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Through the Electrical Safety Authority of Ontario and the Ontario Electricity Act, all trees in proximity to hydro lines are regularly pruned for required clearances. Different power lines (high voltage primary lines vs. low voltage secondary service lines) have different clearance requirements. It can take a few years to cycle through the city and prune every tree for hydro clearances. This is an integral component of providing Brantford with a reliable supply of the electricity we all depend on. |
| Emerald Ash Borer removal |
| We remove all ash trees from City streets and parks because of the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB). An EAB is an invasive beetle that feeds on and destroys ash trees. We've removed almost all ash trees and will continue replanting and stumping over the next few years. We will also be looking at ash tree removals in woodlots and natural areas where they may pose a risk to trails, private property and/or buildings. Trees needing removal are marked with orange paint. Learn more about the Emerald Ash Borer. |
| Work orders |
Work orders respond to needs from residents concerning trees. Call us or email us if you have any of the following concerns regarding trees:
If we can't solve your problem over the phone or by email, we will make a work order so a certified arborist can inspect the situation. We inspect work orders in priority sequence. |
| Construction around City trees |
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If construction is happening around a tree on City property, please contact the City for how staff can work with you to ensure the tree is protected from possible construction-related damage. |
Requests for City tree removal
To protect the City’s tree canopy, staff will prioritize the maintenance of City trees over their removal wherever possible.
City trees that are assessed by staff as healthy and low-risk on are not to be removed by request, except in rare cases related to health and safety. If a City tree is to be removed at request, not related to a health and safety concern, the applicant will be required to pay for the costs of removal, plus the costs of replacement trees.
The compensation for the number of replacement trees required increases based on the size, measured Diameter at Breast Height (DBH), of the City tree being removed.
| DBH (cm) | Compensation ratio |
|---|---|
| 10-30 | 3:1 |
| 31-40 | 4:1 |
| 41-50 | 5:1 |
| 51-60 | 6:1 |
| 61-70 | 7:1 |
| 71-80 | 8:1 |
| 81-90 | 9:1 |
| 91 and over | 10:1 |
To ask questions about any tree on City property, including requests for maintenance or removal, please connect with Forestry Services by emailing forestry@brantford.ca or by calling 519-759-4150.
Tree bylaws
The City has the following tree bylaws:
- City Tree Protection By-law (38-2023)
- Parks By-law (Chapter 420)
- Private tree by-law (171-2002)
- Property Standards by-law (Chapter 465)
Trees on private property
We encourage you to plant trees on your property too!
In support of the 2022 Community Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP), an annual Free Tree Giveaway Program celebrates Earth Day by giving away free trees to residents of Brantford.
The City's Private Tree By-law protects certain rare species and a few woodlots on private property. Brantford has 11 rare species and 32 protected woodlots.
An Application to Remove Trees on Private Property is required if you wish to complete tree work under the following conditions.
- The property is designated as a protected woodlot, wetland, or heritage area
- The property contains rare or protected species
For questions or to submit your completed application, please email forestry@brantford.ca or give us a call at 519-759-4150.
When to hire an arborist
When branches reach too high overhead and are difficult to trim it may be time to seek professional help. There are several guides we suggest in helping find an arborist:
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Check for an Arborist Certification |
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The International Society of Arboriculture runs tests to skilled experts covering all aspects of tree care. Visit the International Society of Arboriculture website for info on why hiring a certified Arborist is important. |
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Ask for proof of insurance |
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You can phone an insurance company listed on the document to confirm the accuracy of the insurance policy. |
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References |
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Ask for local references doing similar work to what you are looking to do. Also ask if they are members in a professional organization. |
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Estimates |
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We suggest a minimum of three estimates to make sure you're getting the right price. When choosing an arborist, weigh the credentials, references, and quality of workmanship you can expect from each estimate. |
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Be careful of door-to-door sales for tree pruning or removal |
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Most decent tree service companies are too busy to ask work this way. Wrong or poor quality tree work can take years to correct itself, if at all. |
Tree stumps and pegs
| Pegs |
| Pegs are standing trunks of a large tree that we've partially removed. The trunks are stable and left at a height below the lowest set of power lines because they do not pose a risk. We remove pegs based on the date of the tree removal, oldest to newest. |
| Stumps |
| Stumps are removed between the spring and fall seasons, when sod is available. If you have sprouts growing on the stump, please feel free to trim them off with hand pruners or loppers. We do not allow the use of power tools on City property. Due to the Emerald Ash Borer and high volume of ash tree removals, we currently have a higher volume of stumps. |
Mulch
The City offers free mulch from their tree and stump removals between April and November. Availability is on a first-come-first-served basis and may not be available at all times. Mulch is not placed behind any gates. Pick-up locations include:
- Cockshutt Park (35 Sherwood Drive), located behind Arnold Anderson Stadium along the parking lot
- Public Works (10 Earl Avenue), located to the left prior to the parking lot
Mulching is one of the most beneficial practices for the health of a tree. Unlike trees growing in a natural forest environment, urban trees are typically growing in harsher environments with infertile soils, lower organic matter, and large fluctuations in soil temperature. Many benefits of mulching include:
- Improve soil fertility by providing nutrients to trees
- Suppress weed germination and growth
- Retain soil moisture and regulate soil temperature (insulation effect)
- Improve soil structure, aeration, and drainage over time
- Reduce soil compaction and prevent soil erosion
- Reduce the likelihood of tree damage from lawn mower
Improper mulching, such as over-mulching or volcano mulching, can kill trees. Hazards of incorrect mulching include:
- Bark decay/rot due to excessive moisture
- Poor root development (girdling)
- Insect or disease issues
- Reduced penetration of water and air
| Proper mulching |
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| Improper mulching |
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| How to properly mulch a tree |
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